傳統十字盤是利用較機械原理以單顆伺服機來推動十字盤稱之為cyclic pitch
control
，主要是單顆伺服機單純推動pitch變化而不影響其它方向舵伺服機的運作
！
CCPM目前有發展出120度與140度兩種，全靠遙控器（發射機）的軟體混控比例來完成因此稱之為collective pitch control（好像是，快忘記了）
！固名思議，就是同時集合三顆伺服機來做PITCH變化
！
目前140度與120度的ccpm又稱為mccpm與eccpm
！mccpm主要是當您控制副翼與昇降時只須單顆伺服機來動作即可完成
！eccpm則因控制副翼時須至少兩個伺服機的混控來完成，而昇降舵時則須三顆伺服機同時動作才能完成
！
不管任何一種十字盤模式都有其優缺點及愛好者！只不過大大在發表問題時，能詳述問題點，好讓站上各位版主及大大能瞭解您的意思！謝謝
！以上是個人所瞭解的，如有錯誤，還望大大不吝指教
！
作者: 飛行公仔
時間: 2005-10-3 11:11
建議初學飛友盡量以爬文或詢問方式上來交流!
在未對該原理或特性事實完全瞭解前!為免其他誤解!
請勿隨意發表評論
國外部份文章一樣來自初學者各人主觀論述.定義!非完全正確或被公認!只能參考!
謝謝!我沒任何的惡意喔!
作者: 小R
時間: 2005-10-3 12:29
小弟說明一下我的認知：
Collective Pitch:因十字盤平行上下移動所產生的Pitch變化，主旋翼不管轉到何角度Pitch變化量都一致，主要用來改變直昇機上下拉力。
Cyclic Pitch:因十字盤角度傾斜所產生的Pitch 變化，主旋翼轉到不同角度Pitch值隨十字盤傾斜而不一樣，主要用來提供直昇機前後左右的拉力。
一般我們說的Pitch +- 10度，比較常指的是Collective Pitch
作者: chinlin
時間: 2005-10-3 13:58
看的一個定義性的文章 出自於直昇機的教科書FAA:
COLLECTIVE PITCH CONTROL:
The collective pitch control, located on the left side
of the pilot』s seat, changes the pitch angle of all
main rotor blades simultaneously, or collectively,
as the name implies. As the collective pitch control
is raised, there is a simultaneous and equal
increase in pitch angle of all main rotor blades; as
it is lowered, there is a simultaneous and equal
decrease in pitch angle. This is done through a
series of mechanical linkages and the amount of
movement in the collective lever determines the
amount of blade pitch change. [Figure 4-1] An
adjustable friction control helps prevent inadvertent
collective pitch movement.
Changing the pitch angle on the blades
changes the angle of attack on each blade. With
a change in angle of attack comes a change in
drag, which affects the speed or r.p.m. of the
main rotor. As the pitch angle increases, angle
of attack increases, drag increases, and rotor
r.p.m. decreases. Decreasing pitch angle
decreases both angle of attack and drag, while
rotor r.p.m. increases. In order to maintain a
constant rotor r.p.m., which is essential in helicopter
operations, a proportionate change in
power is required to compensate for the change
in drag. This is accomplished with the throttle
control or a correlator and/or governor, which
automatically adjusts engine power.
CYCLIC PITCH CONTROL:
The cyclic pitch control tilts the main rotor disc by
changing the pitch angle of the rotor blades in
their cycle of rotation. When the main rotor disc is
tilted, the horizontal component of lift moves the
helicopter in the direction of tilt.
The rotor disc tilts in the direction that pressure is
applied to the cyclic pitch control. If the cyclic is
moved forward, the rotor disc tilts forward; if the
cyclic is moved aft, the disc tilts aft, and so on.
Because the rotor disc acts like a gyro, the mechanical
linkages for the cyclic control rods are rigged in
such a way that they decrease the pitch angle of the
rotor blade approximately 90° before it reaches the
direction of cyclic displacement, and increase the
pitch angle of the rotor blade approximately 90° after
it passes the direction of displacement. An increase
in pitch angle increases angle of attack; a decrease
in pitch angle decreases angle of attack. For example,
if the cyclic is moved forward, the angle of attack
decreases as the rotor blade passes the right side
of the helicopter and increases on the left side. This
results in maximum downward deflection of the rotor
blade in front of the helicopter and maximum
upward deflection behind it, causing the rotor disc to
tilt forward.
作者: 飛行公仔
時間: 2005-10-3 15:08
chinlin
謝謝您提供COLLECTIVE PITCH CONTROL&CYCLIC PITCH CONTROL名詞定議!
如有那位大大能幫忙翻譯!!那就更棒!
作者: chinlin
時間: 2005-10-3 15:44
大大
我先跳下來翻好了,先翻一部分(COLLECTIVE PITCH CONTROL):
COLLECTIVE PITCH CONTROL:
The collective pitch control, located on the left side
of the pilot』s seat, changes the pitch angle of all
main rotor blades simultaneously, or collectively,
as the name implies.
位於飛行座的左邊有個collective pitch控制器用來同步或者是所謂的
collectively(集合/集中地)改變所有的主旋槳之攻角
(chinlin註:主旋槳不只有2片也可能2片以上,這是為何它用'所有'的字眼)
它的作用如同的字面意義寫的一樣(collective).
As the collective pitch control
is raised, there is a simultaneous and equal
increase in pitch angle of all main rotor blades;
當collective pitch控制器提升上來,所有主旋槳會同時以相當的pitch角度
增加量來改變角度變化.
as
it is lowered, there is a simultaneous and equal
decrease in pitch angle.
反之,則相反!
This is done through a
series of mechanical linkages and the amount of
movement in the collective lever determines the
amount of blade pitch change.
這些動作是透過一系列的機械連結而且在collective lever的移動量
可以決定主旋槳的pitch(角度)改變量.
(collective lever不知怎翻才好,這東西我感覺字意像是一個可以拉高拉低的東東)
[Figure 4-1] An
adjustable friction control helps prevent inadvertent
collective pitch movement.
一個可調整摩擦控制(adjustable friction control)可避免
不適當的collective pitch移動 (chinlin註:感覺像是保險桿防止疏忽帶來的危險)
Changing the pitch angle on the blades
changes the angle of attack on each blade. With
a change in angle of attack comes a change in
drag, which affects the speed or r.p.m. of the
main rotor. As the pitch angle increases, angle
of attack increases, drag increases, and rotor
r.p.m. decreases. Decreasing pitch angle
decreases both angle of attack and drag, while
rotor r.p.m. increases.
改變主旋翼的pitch角度就會改變每一個槳的攻角(好像在說廢話)
透過攻角的改變會帶來一個拉力(drag),這個會影響主旋槳的速度
(或者轉速R.P.M)
(國外就是喜歡step by step敘述, 白吃也能懂)
減少pitch角度會同時減少攻角與拉力,因此主旋槳的速度(RPM)就會提高.
In order to maintain a
constant rotor r.p.m., which is essential in helicopter
operations, a proportionate change in
power is required to compensate for the change
in drag.
為了維持固定的轉速RPM(這個在直昇機非常經典的運作)
,power(引擎的力量)均衡的改變是必須的,主用要來來補償這些拉力的所帶來的改變.
This is accomplished with the throttle
control or a correlator and/or governor, which
automatically adjusts engine power.
這動作是透過油門控制或者是correlator/governor來完成的,
它們能夠調整引擎的力量大小.
後續
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